{"id":16802,"date":"2020-12-11T07:38:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-11T06:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/greenuso.com\/blog\/?p=16802"},"modified":"2020-12-03T13:32:10","modified_gmt":"2020-12-03T12:32:10","slug":"transferts-eau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/","title":{"rendered":"Que sont les transferts d&rsquo;eau et quels sont leurs avantages"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les <strong>d\u00e9rivations<\/strong> sont des canaux artificiels permettant de transf\u00e9rer l&rsquo;eau d&rsquo;un fleuve ou d&rsquo;un bassin \u00e0 un autre. Ceci, dans le but de renforcer un d\u00e9veloppement socio-\u00e9conomique optimal dans les r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 l&rsquo;eau n&rsquo;est pas pr\u00e9sente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si, comme nous, vous vous souciez de l&rsquo;impact environnemental, venez avec nous et apprenez tout ce que vous devez savoir sur ces aqueducs <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/fr\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Greenuso<\/a>, vous conna\u00eetrez les <strong>transferts, les avantages et les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices<\/strong> dans l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration et le d\u00e9veloppement de la qualit\u00e9 de vie de la population et de l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. Commen\u00e7ons !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenu<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999999;color:#999999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999999;color:#999999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#Quest-ce_quun_transfert_deau\" >Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un transfert d&rsquo;eau ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#Avantages_des_transferts\" >Avantages des transferts<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#A_quoi_servent_les_barrages\" >\u00c0 quoi servent les barrages ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#Les_avantages_des_barrages\" >Les avantages des barrages<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#Quand_faut-il_proceder_a_un_transfert_deau\" >Quand faut-il proc\u00e9der \u00e0 un transfert d&rsquo;eau ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/transferts-eau\/#Principaux_transferts_deau_dans_le_monde\" >Principaux transferts d&rsquo;eau dans le monde<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quest-ce_quun_transfert_deau\"><\/span>Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;un transfert d&rsquo;eau ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un transfert d&rsquo;eau est le transfert d&rsquo;eau d&rsquo;un endroit \u00e0 un autre, dans ce cas, d&rsquo;un bassin ou d&rsquo;une rivi\u00e8re \u00e0 une autre zone. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ce syst\u00e8me, l&rsquo;<strong>eau est transf\u00e9r\u00e9e en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/greenuso.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/trasvases.jpg\" alt=\"trasvases\" class=\"wp-image-16684\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/trasvases.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/trasvases-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/trasvases-768x402.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce qui est recherch\u00e9, c&rsquo;est que l&rsquo;exc\u00e8s d&rsquo;eau d&rsquo;une r\u00e9gion soit amen\u00e9 \u00e0 un autre endroit o\u00f9 la raret\u00e9 du liquide vital pr\u00e9domine. Tout cela, sans endommager le bassin d&rsquo;origine et en garantissant son bon usage dans les r\u00e9gions cibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Avantages_des_transferts\"><\/span><strong>Avantages des transferts<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parmi les <strong>principaux avantages de<\/strong> l&rsquo;installation des transferts, on peut citer les suivants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li><strong>Il donne de l&rsquo;eau aux r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 il y a une p\u00e9nurie.<\/strong> Il y a des r\u00e9gions qui, en raison de leurs conditions climatiques, ne disposent pas de cet \u00e9l\u00e9ment de base. Avec le transfert d&rsquo;eau, <strong>on <\/strong>obtient de l&rsquo;eau pour la consommation humaine et l&rsquo;irrigation des cultures.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li><strong>Le d\u00e9veloppement de l&rsquo;agriculture est encourag\u00e9.<\/strong> Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;eau re\u00e7ue dans le cadre du transfert, la production agricole augmente et les syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;irrigation et les infrastructures du secteur sont modernis\u00e9s.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>L&rsquo;augmentation de la production agricole s&rsquo;accompagne d&rsquo;une hausse du <strong>taux d&#8217;emploi<\/strong> dans le secteur.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li><strong>Am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie<\/strong> dans les r\u00e9gions qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient du transfert.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>L&rsquo;\u00e9migration du commerce local est \u00e9vit\u00e9e, en ce sens, le <strong>d\u00e9veloppement des affaires<\/strong> est encourag\u00e9 et il y a un mouvement de l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cependant, bien que les avantages soient nombreux, les transferts ont fait l&rsquo;objet de nombreuses controverses de nature territoriale et environnementale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_quoi_servent_les_barrages\"><\/span><strong>\u00c0 quoi servent les barrages ?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les <strong>r\u00e9servoirs <\/strong>sont de grandes structures qui servent \u00e0 stocker l&rsquo;eau des rivi\u00e8res ou des bassins. Ils sont utilis\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;irrigation, l&rsquo;approvisionnement et la production d&rsquo;\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9servoirs sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9s par un barrage, une <strong>structure<\/strong> de <strong>confinement<\/strong> qui sert \u00e0 les fermer. Cette structure doit r\u00e9sister \u00e0 toutes les conditions extr\u00eames qui peuvent survenir, comme les inondations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Les_avantages_des_barrages\"><\/span>Les avantages des barrages<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parmi les <strong>avantages<\/strong> que les barrages pr\u00e9sentent pour le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique, environnemental et social, on souligne les <strong>avantages<\/strong> suivants<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>R\u00e9pondre \u00e0 la demande d&rsquo;eau dans les <strong>activit\u00e9s socio-\u00e9conomiques<\/strong> actuelles et futures, afin d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de vie de la population.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Renforcer la <strong>gestion de l&rsquo;eau face au changement climatique<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Un \u00e9quilibre ad\u00e9quat entre l&rsquo;utilisation des eaux de surface provenant des rivi\u00e8res, des ruisseaux et des lacs et celle des eaux souterraines provenant des puits ou des citernes. Ceci afin de ne pas atteindre des situations de surexploitation.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Gr\u00e2ce aux d\u00e9bits garantis sous les r\u00e9servoirs, le fonctionnement, la composition et la structure des<strong> \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes aquatiques de la rivi\u00e8re<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quand_faut-il_proceder_a_un_transfert_deau\"><\/span><strong>Quand faut-il proc\u00e9der \u00e0 un transfert d&rsquo;eau ?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les transferts doivent \u00eatre install\u00e9s <strong>lorsque les besoins sont importants<\/strong>, par exemple lorsqu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;<strong>y a<\/strong> pas d&rsquo;eau dans une r\u00e9gion o\u00f9 la sant\u00e9 de ses habitants est menac\u00e9e. Ou, <strong>lorsque l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me a besoin d&rsquo;une source d&rsquo;eau<\/strong> pour ne pas dispara\u00eetre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, la construction de transferts entre bassins a des effets n\u00e9gatifs, tels que le m\u00e9lange des eaux, qui peuvent entra\u00eener de graves probl\u00e8mes d&rsquo;impact sur l&rsquo;environnement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Principaux_transferts_deau_dans_le_monde\"><\/span>Principaux transferts d&rsquo;eau dans le monde<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ils se distinguent parmi les plus importants transferts au monde :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Transfert Tajo-Segura (Espagne)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Transfert de l&rsquo;\u00c8bre (Espagne)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Transfert d&rsquo;eau du Rh\u00f4ne (France)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Murrumbidgee-Goongong (Australie)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Hudson-Missouri (\u00c9tats-Unis)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><ul><li>Yangtze-Huaihe (Chine)<\/li><\/ul><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comme vous pouvez le constater, les transferts d&rsquo;eau ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le tr\u00e8s important dans la <strong>planification de l&rsquo;eau<\/strong> de nombreux pays, car ils constituent un outil de coop\u00e9ration et de solidarit\u00e9 entre les bassins. En outre, ils renforcent le d\u00e9veloppement et le progr\u00e8s des r\u00e9gions qui ont besoin de ce liquide vital.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les d\u00e9rivations sont des canaux artificiels permettant de transf\u00e9rer l&rsquo;eau d&rsquo;un fleuve ou d&rsquo;un bassin \u00e0 un autre. Ceci, dans le but de renforcer un d\u00e9veloppement\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":16676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mode-de-vie-durable"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16802"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16804,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16802\/revisions\/16804"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenuso.com\/blog\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}